飞机研制的计量保障探讨

计量保障是飞机研制的重要技术基础,本文分析了飞机研制的计量保障需求,探讨了计量保障工作的思路和要点。     

老龄飞机的故障控制

介绍了老龄飞机的故障控制方式，阐述了预防性维修和及时处理故障在老龄飞机保障中的重要性。     

非线性边界条件的Burgers－KdV方程的静态解

对几类非线性边值条件，讨论了Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ－ＫｄＶ方程的边值问题的静态解的存在性和解的个数．借助不动点定理，证明了该边值问题至少有一个，至多有有限个静态解．     

军用飞机维修保障信息系统体系结构建模研究

介绍了系统体系结构的建模方法，详细分析了系统体系结构的建模过程，针对军用飞机维修保障业务特点，对军用飞机维修保障信息系统的体系结构建模进行了研究，并给出了一个应用案例。本文的研究结果可为维修保障信息系统的研制提供参考。     

Integration of lessons from recent research for “Earth to Mars” life support systems

Development of reliable and robust strategies for long-term life support for planetary exploration must be built from real-time experimentation to verify and improve system components. Also critical is incorporating a range of viable options to handle potential short-term life system imbalances. This paper revisits some of the conceptual framework for a Mars base prototype which has been developed by the authors along with others previously advanced (“Mars on Earth^®”) in the light of three years of experimentation in the Laboratory Biosphere, further investigation of system alternatives and the advent of other innovative engineering and agri-ecosystem approaches. Several experiments with candidate space agriculture crops have demonstrated the higher productivity possible with elevated light levels and improved environmental controls. For example, crops of sweet potatoes exceeded original Mars base prototype projections by an average of 46% (53% for best crop) ultradwarf (Apogee) wheat by 9% (23% for best crop), pinto bean by 13% (31% for best crop). These production levels, although they may be increased with further optimization of lighting regimes, environmental parameters, crop density etc. offer evidence that a soil-based system can be as productive as the hydroponic systems which have dominated space life support scenarios and research. But soil also offers distinct advantages: the capability to be created on the Moon or Mars using in situ space resources, reduces long-term reliance on consumables and imported resources, and more readily recycling and incorporating crew and crop waste products. In addition, a living soil contains a complex microbial ecosystem which helps prevent the buildup of trace gases or compounds, and thus assist with air and water purification. The atmospheric dynamics of these crops were studied in the Laboratory Biosphere adding to the database necessary for managing the mixed stands of crops essential for supplying a nutritionally adequate diet in space. This paper explores some of the challenges of small bioregenerative life support: air-sealing and facility architecture/design, balance of short-term variations of carbon dioxide and oxygen through staggered plantings, options for additional atmospheric buffers and sinks, lighting/energy efficiency engineering, crop and waste product recycling approaches, and human factor considerations in the design and operation of a Mars base. An “Earth to Mars” project, forging the ability to live sustainably in space (as on Earth) requires continued research and testing of these components and integrated subsystems; and developing a step-by-step learning process.     

金融服务滞后产业发展的成因及对策——以航空业为例

分析了在战略产业发展过程中金融业服务滞后的各种表现，从战略产业经济结构调整本身、风险约束和金融宏观政策传导三个方面剖析了金融服务滞后的原因。以民用航空制造业的发展为例，用博弈论对金融在支持战略产业发展过程中的两难状况作了理论和实证分析，提出金融支持战略产业的发展是金融发展的最优选择的观点。最后从金融体系、资金投入和金融服务等方面提出相应的对策建议。     

航天器相对运动建模及周期性相对运动求解

面向航天器编队飞行的需求,对椭圆参考轨道航天器非线性周期相对运动条件进行研究,提出了确定椭圆参考轨道编队航天器非线性周期性相对运动条件的新方法。首先,考虑非线性、椭圆轨道等因素,通过哈密尔顿-雅可比(HJ)方程和正则摄动理论,推导了在任意非线性摄动下相对运动的模型和获得不需消耗任何燃料的周期性相对运动轨道的条件;然后,采用时域配点法,结合改进的列文伯格-马夸尔特(LM)法对周期性相对运动的初值进行求解;最后,设计数值仿真算例,利用上述条件,得到不消耗任何燃料的周期性绕飞轨道,由此验证了本文所提模型和方法的正确性。     

平方阻尼在非线性缓冲系统中的作用

本文讨论平方阻尼(以参数a表征)在图(1)所示的缓冲系统中的作用,结果表明:平方阻尼对于降低相对位移峰值d_m总有良好的效果,但不一定降低加速度峰值a_m。在一定速度冲击V下,系统的平方阻尼有两种最佳值,使a_m最小的a_(am)和使缓冲效率γ最高的a_(cm),而平方阻尼最佳条件依赖于系统的缓冲弹簧的刚度变化类型: (1)线性弹簧情况:a_(am)=a_(cm),最佳条件为系统在首程中均匀减速; (2)渐硬弹簧情况:a_(am)=a_(cm),最佳条件为系统在首程中初始和终末加速度相等即; aV~2=ω_0~2q(dm) (3)渐软弹簧情况:a_(cm)>a_(am)。 本文的基础是所谓“首程显峰”,假定即系统在速度冲击V下的响应峰值d_m和a_m出现在第一行程中。当平方阻尼值不太小,缓冲弹簧刚度特性接近反对称时,该假定成立。     

军用航空发动机使用可靠性方法研究

对航空发动机现有可靠性评估方法进行优化改进,并以某型国产军用发动机为例进行使用可靠性评估。改进后的评估方法采用两种常用参数估计法,分别对薄弱系统故障数据进行三参数威布尔分布、单参数指数分布、双参数指数分布、正态分布及对数正态分布参数估计,随后采用柯尔莫哥洛夫检验及线性化处理并结合matlab编程进行优化选择。     

A high-performance ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility for life support system in space

Vegetable cultivation plays a crucial role in dietary supplements and psychosocial benefits of the crew during manned space flight. Here we developed a ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility, named Horn-type Producer (HTP), which was capable of simulating the microgravity effect and the continuous cultivation of leaf–vegetables on root modules. The growth chamber of the facility had a volume of 0.12 m³, characterized by a three-stage space expansion with plant growth. The planting surface of 0.154 m² was comprised of six ring-shaped root modules with a fibrous ion-exchange resin substrate. Root modules were fastened to a central porous tube supplying water, and moved forward with plant growth. The total illuminated crop area of 0.567 m² was provided by a combination of red and white light emitting diodes on the internal surfaces. In tests with a 24-h photoperiod, the productivity of the HTP at 0.3 kW for lettuce achieved 254.3 g eatable biomass per week. Long-term operation of the HTP did not alter vegetable nutrition composition to any great extent. Furthermore, the efficiency of the HTP, based on the Q-criterion, was 7 × 10⁻⁴ g² m⁻³ J⁻¹. These results show that the HTP exhibited high productivity, stable quality, and good efficiency in the process of planting lettuce, indicative of an interesting design for space vegetable production.